Finance Vocabulary Unit 1 Workbook

on 2026-07-29 | ๏€— 30 minute read

Focus: The vocabulary of your own bank statement โ€” money coming in, money going out, what it costs, what's left over, and where it sits while you wait. Kanji: ๅŽ, ๆ”ฏ, ่ฒป, ้ก, ็ตฆ, ไธŽ, ๅพ—, ้ , ๆฎ‹ Companion: Kanji Reference โ€” radicals, functional components, etymology, and stroke order Source: hand-curated from real MoneyForward / nenkin / spend-analysis documents โ€” see spend_analysis/japanese_finance_vocab.md

This workbook is designed for systematic study of Unit 1. It includes:

  • โœ… Readings and meanings reference table
  • โœ… Sound components & phonetic series (full structural analysis in the Reference)
  • โœ… Contextual reading practice articles (ร—3, each in N3/N2 and Advanced versions, with furigana toggle)
  • โœ… Complete vocabulary list
  • โœ… Targeted study aids and tips
  • โœ… Quick self-test with answers

1. ๐Ÿ“– Readings and Meanings Table

KIC # cross-references the kanji's home chapter in the Kanji in Context numbering (1โ€“143) โ€” useful if that chapter has its own deep-dive workbook, or will eventually.

#KanjiMeaningOn'yomi (้Ÿณ่ชญใฟ)Kun'yomi (่จ“่ชญใฟ)KIC #
1ๅŽincome, obtain, reapใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฆใŠใ•.ใ‚ใ‚‹, ใŠใ•.ใพใ‚‹KIC 61
2ๆ”ฏbranch, support, sustainใ‚ทใ•ใ•.ใˆใ‚‹, ใคใ‹.ใˆใ‚‹, ใ‹.ใ†KIC 20
3่ฒปexpense, cost, spendใƒ’ใคใ„.ใ‚„ใ™, ใคใ„.ใˆใ‚‹KIC 63
4้กforehead, tablet, plaqueใ‚ฌใ‚ฏใฒใŸใ„KIC 64
5็ตฆsalary, wage, giftใ‚ญใƒฅใ‚ฆใŸใพ.ใ†, ใŸใ‚‚.ใ†, -ใŸใพ.ใˆKIC 41
6ไธŽbestow, participate in, giveใƒจใ‚ใŸ.ใˆใ‚‹, ใ‚ใšใ‹.ใ‚‹, ใใฟ.ใ™ใ‚‹, ใจใ‚‚ใซKIC 50
7ๅพ—gain, get, findใƒˆใ‚ฏใˆ.ใ‚‹, ใ†.ใ‚‹KIC 44
8้ deposit, custody, leave withใƒจใ‚ใš.ใ‘ใ‚‹, ใ‚ใš.ใ‹ใ‚‹KIC 38
9ๆฎ‹remainder, leftover, balanceใ‚ถใƒณ, ใ‚ตใƒณใฎใ“.ใ‚‹, ใฎใ“.ใ™, ใใ“ใช.ใ†, ใฎใ“.ใ‚ŠKIC 10

1B. ๐Ÿ” Sound Components & Phonetic Series

The high-leverage insight for predicting on'yomi during article reading: which kanji share a sound component, and what reading does that component carry?

For full structural analysis โ€” radicals, functional components (meaning / sound / form), per-kanji etymology, and stroke order โ€” see the Kanji Reference companion file.

Sound ComponentReadingKanji in this unitNotes
ไบˆ (in advance)ใƒจ้ ้  = ไบˆ (top, phonetic) + ้  (bottom, "head" โ€” filing radical, not semantic here). The ใƒจ reading comes straight from ไบˆ (ไบˆๅฎš, ไบˆ็ด„).

Unit highlight: Only one clean phonetic pair this unit โ€” ้  visibly contains ไบˆ, and both read ใƒจ. ไธŽ also reads ใƒจ, but this is a coincidence of two separate ancient pictographs, not a shared component โ€” don't be misled into thinking ไธŽ and ้  are structurally related (they aren't; see the Reference for each character's actual etymology). The bigger pattern in this unit is semantic, not phonetic: ่ฒ (shell โ†’ wealth/money) sits inside ่ฒป as a clearly visible bottom component, and was present in ๅพ—'s ancient form too (though later script evolution fused it into the modern shape, so it's no longer visually obvious) โ€” quietly reinforcing "this kanji is about money" the same way ่ฒ does in KIC's ่ณžใƒป่ณ‡ใƒป่ฒกใƒป่ฒธ. Watch for ่ฒ as a recurring money-signal radical across the whole finance track, not just this unit.


2. ๐Ÿ“ฐ Contextual Reading Practice

Each topic has two versions: ๐ŸŸข N3/N2 Level โ€” simpler structures, ใงใ™/ใพใ™ register, core compounds. ๐Ÿ”ด Advanced Level โ€” natural Japanese, dense nominal phrases, formal/literary register. Furigana is applied only to non-unit words that are genuinely difficult, first occurrence per article only. Unit kanji (ๅŽ ๆ”ฏ ่ฒป ้ก ็ตฆ ไธŽ ๅพ— ้  ๆฎ‹) appear unglossed throughout โ€” read them actively.

๐Ÿ—ž๏ธ Topic 1: ๅฎถ่จˆ็ฐฟใจๆฏŽๆœˆใฎใŠ้‡‘ โ€” Keeping a Household Ledger

๐ŸŸข N3/N2 Version

็”ฐไธญใŸใชใ‹ใ•ใ‚“ใฏๆฏŽๆœˆใพใ„ใคใใ€ๅฎถ่จˆ็ฐฟใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒชใ‚ใทใ‚Šใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๅŽๅ…ฅใจๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’่จ˜้Œฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆœˆใฎๅŽๅ…ฅใฏ็ตฆไธŽใ ใ‘ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใฏ้ฃŸ่ฒปใ‚„ไบค้€š่ฒปใ€ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒปใชใฉใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

ๅ…ˆๆœˆใ›ใ‚“ใ’ใคใจๆฏ”ใใ‚‰ในใ‚‹ใจใ€ไปŠๆœˆใฏๅ‡บ่ฒปใŒๅคšใใฆใ€ๅŽๆ”ฏใŒใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใพใ„ใชใ™ใซใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€Œๆฅๆœˆใ‚‰ใ„ใ’ใคใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใŠๅพ—ใช่ฒทใ‹ใ„็‰ฉใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€ใจ็”ฐไธญใ•ใ‚“ใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

ๅฎถ่จˆ็ฐฟใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใ˜ใถใ‚“ใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๅพ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใชใซใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ˆใๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆๅพ—ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใชใŒใ‚‰็”Ÿๆดปใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅคงๅˆ‡ใŸใ„ใ›ใคใช็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ๅŽๅ…ฅ, ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ, ้ฃŸ่ฒป, ไบค้€š่ฒป, ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒป, ๅ‡บ่ฒป, ๅŽๆ”ฏ, ใŠๅพ—, ๅพ—ใ‚‹, ๆๅพ—

๐Ÿ”ด Advanced Version

ๅฎถ่จˆ็ฎก็†ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒชใ‚ใทใ‚Šใฎๆ™ฎๅŠใตใใ‚…ใ†ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ๅ€‹ไบบใ“ใ˜ใ‚“ใฎๅŽๅ…ฅใจๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’ๅฏ่ฆ–ๅŒ–ใ‹ใ—ใ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅฎนๆ˜“ใ‚ˆใ†ใ„ใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚ๆœˆๆฌกใฎๅŽๆ”ฏใ‚’็ถ™็ถšใ‘ใ„ใžใ็š„ใซ่จ˜้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใฎๅ†…่จณใ†ใกใ‚ใ‘ใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹็„ก้ง„ใ‚€ใ ใชๅ‡บ่ฒปใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใจใใฆใ„ใ—ใ€ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ•ใใ’ใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฅ‘ๆฉŸใ‘ใ„ใใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚

้ฃŸ่ฒปใƒปไบค้€š่ฒปใƒปๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒปใจใ„ใฃใŸๅค‰ๅ‹•่ฒปใฏๆœˆใ”ใจใฎๅค‰ๅ‹•ใธใ‚“ใฉใ†ใŒๅคงใใใ€็ตŒ่ฒปใจใ—ใฆ่จˆไธŠใ‘ใ„ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ™ในใ้ …็›ฎใ“ใ†ใ‚‚ใใจใฎๅˆ‡ใใ‚Šๅˆ†ใ‘ใŒ็…ฉ้›‘ใฏใ‚“ใ–ใคใซใชใ‚ŠใŒใกใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’ใ“ใพใ‚ใซๅˆ†้กžใถใ‚“ใ‚‹ใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€้•ทๆœŸใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ็š„ใช่ณ‡็”ฃๅฝขๆˆใ—ใ•ใ‚“ใ‘ใ„ใ›ใ„ใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹็ฌฌไธ€ๆญฉใ ใ„ใ„ใฃใฝใซไป–ใปใ‹ใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚

ๅŽๆ”ฏใ‚’้ป’ๅญ—ใใ‚ใ˜ใซไฟใŸใ‚‚ใคใ“ใจใฏๅ˜ใŸใ‚“ใชใ‚‹็ฏ€็ด„ใ›ใคใ‚„ใใงใฏใชใใ€้™ใ‹ใŽใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๅŽๅ…ฅใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅคงใ•ใ„ใ ใ„ใฎๅŠน็”จใ“ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ€ใŠๅพ—ใช้ธๆŠžใ›ใ‚“ใŸใใ‚’็ฉใคใฟ้‡ใ‹ใ•ใญใ‚‹ๅ–ถใ„ใจใชใฟใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ๆๅพ—ๅ‹˜ๅฎšใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ๅƒใฏใŸใ‚‰ใ‹ใ›ใคใคใ‚‚ใ€็”Ÿๆดปใฎ่ณชใ—ใคใ‚’็Š ็‰ฒใŽใ›ใ„ใซใ—ใชใ„ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ้…ๅˆ†ใฏใ„ใถใ‚“ใ“ใใŒ็†ๆƒณ็š„ใ‚Šใใ†ใฆใใชๅฎถ่จˆ้‹ๅ–ถใ†ใ‚“ใˆใ„ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ๅŽๅ…ฅ, ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ, ๅŽๆ”ฏ, ้ฃŸ่ฒป, ไบค้€š่ฒป, ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒป, ็ตŒ่ฒป, ๅ‡บ่ฒป, ๅพ—ใ‚‹, ใŠๅพ—, ๆๅพ—


๐Ÿ—ž๏ธ Topic 2: ็ตฆไธŽใจๆฎ‹้ซ˜ โ€” ๆฏŽๆœˆใฎใŠ้‡‘ใฎๆตใ‚Œ

๐ŸŸข N3/N2 Version

ไผš็คพๅ“กใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใ‚“ใฎ้ˆดๆœจใ™ใšใใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆไบŒๅไบ”ๆ—ฅใซใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใ”ใซใกใซ็ตฆไธŽใŒ้Š€่กŒใŽใ‚“ใ“ใ†ๅฃๅบงใ“ใ†ใ–ใซๆŒฏใตใ‚Š่พผใ“ใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚็ตฆไธŽใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽใŒๅผ•ใฒใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸๅพŒใ‚ใจใฎ้‡‘้กใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใ˜ใฃใ•ใ„ใซๅ—ใ†ใ‘ๅ–ใจใ‚‹ๆ‰‹ๅ–ใฆใฉใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚

ไปŠๆœˆใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญใŒๅคšใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๆฎ‹ๆฅญไปฃใ ใ„ใ‚‚็ตฆไธŽใซๅซใตใใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็ตฆไธŽใŒๆŒฏใ‚Š่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฃๅบงใฎๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใŒๅข—ใตใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎถ่ณƒใ‚„ใกใ‚“ใ‚„ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒปใฎๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ—ใฏใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ€ๆœˆๆœซใ’ใคใพใคใซใฏๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

้ˆดๆœจใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€ใจ่€ƒใˆใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆๆฑบใพใฃใŸ้‡‘้กใ‚’ๅˆฅในใคใฎๅฃๅบงใซ็งปใ†ใคใ™ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใชใ‚‰ใ€ไฝฟใ„ใ™ใŽใฆใ‚‚ๆœ€ไฝŽ้™ใ•ใ„ใฆใ„ใ’ใ‚“ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใฏๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ็ตฆไธŽ, ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽ, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญไปฃ, ๆฎ‹้ซ˜, ๆฎ‹ใ‚‹

๐Ÿ”ด Advanced Version

็ตฆไธŽๆ‰€ๅพ—่€…ใฎๅคšใŠใŠใใฏใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆไธ€ๅฎšๆ—ฅใ„ใฃใฆใ„ใณใซ็ตฆไธŽใŒ้Š€่กŒๅฃๅบงใธๆŒฏใ‚Š่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ไป•็ต„ใ—ใใฟใฎไธ‹ใ‚‚ใจใง็”Ÿๆดปใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚็ตฆไธŽ็ท้กใใ†ใŒใใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽใ‚„็คพไผšไฟ้™บๆ–™ใ—ใ‚ƒใ‹ใ„ใปใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใŒๆบๆณ‰ๅพดๅŽใ’ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅพŒใฎ้‡‘้กใ€ใ™ใชใ‚ใกๆ‰‹ๅ–ใ‚Š้กใŒใใŒใ€ๅฎŸ่ณช็š„ใ˜ใฃใ—ใคใฆใใชๅฏๅ‡ฆๅˆ†ๆ‰€ๅพ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‡ใถใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใจใใจใชใ‚‹ใ€‚

ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใฏใฃใ›ใ„ใ—ใŸๆœˆใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญไปฃใŒ็ตฆไธŽใซไธŠไน—ใ†ใ‚ใฎใ›ใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅฃๅบงๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใ„ใกใ˜ใฆใใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๅ›บๅฎš่ฒปใƒปๅค‰ๅ‹•่ฒปใฎๅผ•ใฒใ่ฝใŠใจใ—ใŒ้‡ใ‹ใ•ใชใ‚‹ๆœˆๆœซใซใฏใ€ๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใŒๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใใ‚…ใ†ใใใซๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ’ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ„ใ€‚

ๅฎ‰ๅฎš็š„ใ‚ใ‚“ใฆใ„ใฆใใซ่ณ‡้‡‘ใ—ใใ‚“ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€็ตฆไธŽใŒๆŒฏใ‚Š่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸ็›ดๅพŒใกใ‚‡ใใ”ใซไธ€ๅฎš้กใ‚’ๅˆฅๅฃๅบงใธ่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใ˜ใฉใ†ใฆใใซ็งปใ™ไป•็ต„ใฟใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ“ใ†ใกใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœ‰ๅŠนใ‚†ใ†ใ“ใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใฎ่ช˜ๆƒ‘ใ‚†ใ†ใ‚ใใซๅทฆๅณใ•ใ‚†ใ†ใ•ใ‚Œใšใ€็€ๅฎŸใกใ‚ƒใใ˜ใคใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ็ตฆไธŽ, ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽ, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญไปฃ, ๆฎ‹้ซ˜, ๆฎ‹ใ™, ๆฎ‹ใ‚‹


๐Ÿ—ž๏ธ Topic 3: ้ ้‡‘ใจๅฐ†ๆฅใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฒฏ่“„ โ€” Deposits and Saving for the Future

๐ŸŸข N3/N2 Version

ๅฐ†ๆฅใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚‰ใ„ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคใŠ้‡‘ใ‹ใญใ‚’่ฒฏใŸใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅคงๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใฒใจใฏใ€็ตฆไธŽใŒๅ…ฅใฏใ„ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใใซไธ€ๅฎšใ„ใฃใฆใ„ใฎ้‡‘้กใ‚’้ ้‡‘ๅฃๅบงใซ็งปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘ใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๅผ•ใฒใๅ‡บใ ใ›ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅˆฉๅญใ‚Šใ—ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ไธ€ๆ–นใ„ใฃใฝใ†ใ€ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใฏใ™ใใซๅผ•ใๅ‡บใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฐ‘ใ—ๅคšใใฎๅˆฉๅญใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

ๅฑฑ็”ฐใ‚„ใพใ ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆไธ‰ไธ‡ๅ††ใ•ใ‚“ใพใ‚“ใˆใ‚“ใ‚’ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใจใ—ใฆ้Š€่กŒใซ้ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒไปŠใ„ใพใ™ใไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใŠ้‡‘ใฏใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใ€ใจๅฑฑ็”ฐใ•ใ‚“ใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคใงใ‚‚็ถšใคใฅใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅคงใใช้‡‘้กใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ้ ้‡‘, ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘, ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘, ้ ใ‘ใ‚‹, ๅพ—ใ‚‹, ๆฎ‹ใ™, ็ตฆไธŽ

๐Ÿ”ด Advanced Version

ๅฐ†ๆฅใซๅ‘ใ‚€ใ‘ใŸ่ณ‡็”ฃๅฝขๆˆใ—ใ•ใ‚“ใ‘ใ„ใ›ใ„ใฎ็ฌฌไธ€ๆญฉใจใ—ใฆใ€็ตฆไธŽๆ‰€ๅพ—ใฎไธ€้ƒจใ„ใกใถใ‚’่จˆ็”ป็š„ใ‘ใ„ใ‹ใใฆใใซ้ ้‡‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆŽจๅฅจใ™ใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘ใฏๆตๅ‹•ๆ€งใ‚Šใ‚…ใ†ใฉใ†ใ›ใ„ใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ๅ้ขใฏใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅˆฉๅญใฏใ”ใใ‚ใšใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฏพใŸใ„ใ—ใ€ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใฏไธ€ๅฎšๆœŸ้–“ใใ‹ใ‚“ใฎๅผ•ใๅ‡บใ—ๅˆถ้™ใ›ใ„ใ’ใ‚“ใจๅผ•ใฒใๆ›ใ‹ใˆใซใ€็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใใ†ใŸใ„ใฆใใซ้ซ˜ใ„ๅˆฉ็އใ‚Šใ‚Šใคใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไป•็ต„ใฟใจใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚

ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸ้ ้‡‘ๅ•†ๅ“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใฒใ‚“ใฎๆ€ง่ณชใ›ใ„ใ—ใคใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸไธŠใ†ใˆใงใ€ๆฏŽๆœˆไธ€ๅฎš้กใ‚’่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใซๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใธๆŒฏใตใ‚Šๆ›ฟใ‹ใˆใ‚‹ไป•็ต„ใฟใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ„ๅฟ—ๅŠ›ใ„ใ—ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใใซ้ ผใŸใ‚ˆใ‚‰ใšใจใ‚‚็€ๅฎŸใซ่ณ‡็”ฃใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚

ๅฐ‘้กใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚็ถ™็ถšใ‘ใ„ใžใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€่ค‡ๅˆฉใตใใ‚ŠใฎๅŠนๆžœใ“ใ†ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใฏๆฌก็ฌฌใ—ใ ใ„ใซๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใ€‚ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎใŸใ‚ใซไปŠใฎๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’ๆŠ‘ใŠใ•ใˆใ€ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚Šใˆใใ‚’ๅฐ†ๆฅใธๅ…ˆ้€ใ•ใใŠใใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅงฟๅ‹ขใ—ใ›ใ„ใ“ใใŒใ€ๅ …ๅฎŸใ‘ใ‚“ใ˜ใคใชๅฎถ่จˆ้‹ๅ–ถใฎๅŸบ็›คใใฐใ‚“ใจใชใ‚‹ใ€‚

Key Vocabulary Used: ้ ้‡‘, ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘, ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘, ้ ใ‘ใ‚‹, ๅพ—ใ‚‹, ๆฎ‹ใ™, ็ตฆไธŽ


3. ๐Ÿ“ Complete Vocabulary List

Source: hand-curated from real MoneyForward / nenkin / spend-analysis documents.

1 โ€” ๅŽ (income)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
ๅŽๅ…ฅใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใซใ‚…ใ†income
ๅนดๅŽใญใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…ใ†annual income
ๆœˆๅŽใ’ใฃใ—ใ‚…ใ†monthly income
ๅŽ็›Šใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใˆใearnings, revenue
ๅŽๆ”ฏใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—income and expenditure (the balance of the two)
ๅ›žๅŽใ‹ใ„ใ—ใ‚…ใ†recovery, collection (of a debt, etc.)

2 โ€” ๆ”ฏ (branch)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ—ใ—ใ‚…ใคexpenditure
ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ—ใฏใ‚‰ใ„payment
ๆ”ฏ็ตฆใ—ใใ‚…ใ†payment, allowance (issued by an employer or the government)
ๅŽๆ”ฏใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—income and expenditure
ๆ”ฏๅบ—ใ—ใฆใ‚“branch (of a store, bank, etc.)
ๆ”ฏใˆใ‚‹ใ•ใ•ใˆใ‚‹to support, sustain

3 โ€” ่ฒป (expense)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
้ฃŸ่ฒปใ—ใ‚‡ใใฒfood expenses
ไบค้€š่ฒปใ“ใ†ใคใ†ใฒtransport expenses
็ตŒ่ฒปใ‘ใ„ใฒexpenses (esp. business)
ๅญฆ่ฒปใŒใใฒtuition
ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒปใ“ใ†ใญใคใฒutility costs ("light and heat" expenses)
ไผš่ฒปใ‹ใ„ใฒmembership fee
ๅ‡บ่ฒปใ—ใ‚…ใฃใดexpenditure, outlay

4 โ€” ้ก (forehead)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
้‡‘้กใใ‚“ใŒใamount of money
่ฉ•ไพก้กใฒใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใŒใappraised value, market value
ๆœˆ้กใ’ใคใŒใmonthly amount
ๅทฎ้กใ•ใŒใdifference in amount
็ท้กใใ†ใŒใtotal amount
ๅฐ‘้กใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใsmall amount

5 โ€” ็ตฆ (salary)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
็ตฆไธŽใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆsalary
็ตฆๆ–™ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†pay, wages
ๅ—็ตฆใ˜ใ‚…ใใ‚…ใ†receiving (a benefit, pension, etc.)
ๆ”ฏ็ตฆใ—ใใ‚…ใ†payment, allowance
ๆœˆ็ตฆใ’ใฃใใ‚…ใ†monthly salary
ๆœ‰็ตฆไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚†ใ†ใใ‚…ใ†ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‹paid leave

6 โ€” ไธŽ (bestow)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
็ตฆไธŽใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆsalary
ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹to give, provide
ไพ›ไธŽใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ˆprovision, grant
่ฒธไธŽใŸใ„ใ‚ˆloan (of equipment, funds, etc.)
ๆŽˆไธŽใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚ˆconferring, awarding

7 โ€” ๅพ— (gain)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
ๆ‰€ๅพ—ใ—ใ‚‡ใจใincome (esp. taxable)
ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽใ—ใ‚‡ใจใใœใ„income tax
ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใ‚…ใจใacquisition
ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใˆใ‚‹to gain, obtain
ใŠๅพ—ใŠใจใa good deal, a bargain
ๆๅพ—ใใ‚“ใจใprofit and loss, gain and loss

8 โ€” ้  (deposit)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
้ ้‡‘ใ‚ˆใใ‚“deposit (bank)
ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘ใตใคใ†ใ‚ˆใใ‚“ordinary savings account
ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใฆใ„ใใ‚ˆใใ‚“time deposit, fixed deposit
้ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‘ใ‚‹to deposit, entrust
้ ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‹ใ‚‹to keep, hold in custody

9 โ€” ๆฎ‹ (remainder)

VocabularyReadingMeaning
ๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใ–ใ‚“ใ ใ‹balance
ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ–ใ‚“ใŽใ‚‡ใ†overtime work
ๆฎ‹ใ™ใฎใ“ใ™to leave behind
ๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใ“ใ‚‹to remain
ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ–ใ‚“ใญใ‚“ใชregrettable, unfortunate

4. ๐Ÿ’ก Study Aids & Learning Tips

Each subsection is a table for quick scanning. Column headers below are load-bearing โ€” match this shape so all units read alike.

A. Semantic Grouping

GroupKanjiKey Compounds
Money coming inๅŽ, ็ตฆ, ไธŽ, ๅพ—ๅŽๅ…ฅ, ๅนดๅŽ, ็ตฆไธŽ, ็ตฆๆ–™, ๅ—็ตฆ, ๆ”ฏ็ตฆ, ๆ‰€ๅพ—, ๅ–ๅพ—, ๅพ—ใ‚‹
Money going outๆ”ฏ, ่ฒปๆ”ฏๅ‡บ, ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„, ้ฃŸ่ฒป, ไบค้€š่ฒป, ๅ…‰็†ฑ่ฒป, ็ตŒ่ฒป, ๅ‡บ่ฒป
Amounts & totals้ก้‡‘้ก, ๅทฎ้ก, ็ท้ก, ๅฐ‘้ก, ่ฉ•ไพก้ก
Holding & keeping้ , ๆฎ‹้ ้‡‘, ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘, ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘, ๆฎ‹้ซ˜, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ, ๆฎ‹ใ™, ๆฎ‹ใ‚‹

B. On'yomi Pairs & Disambiguation

ReadingKanjiDomainExample
ใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฆๅŽtaking in, revenueๅŽๅ…ฅใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใซใ‚…ใ†
ใ‚ทๆ”ฏpaying out, supportๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ—ใ—ใ‚…ใค
ใƒ’่ฒปexpense, cost้ฃŸ่ฒปใ—ใ‚‡ใใฒ
ใ‚ฌใ‚ฏ้กamount, sum้‡‘้กใใ‚“ใŒใ
ใ‚ญใƒฅใ‚ฆ็ตฆproviding, salary็ตฆไธŽใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆ
ใƒจไธŽgive, bestow็ตฆไธŽใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆ
ใƒจ้ deposit, entrust้ ้‡‘ใ‚ˆใใ‚“
ใƒˆใ‚ฏๅพ—gain, acquireๆ‰€ๅพ—ใ—ใ‚‡ใจใ
ใ‚ถใƒณๆฎ‹remainๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใ–ใ‚“ใ ใ‹

Watch: ไธŽ and ้  both read ใƒจ, but they're unrelated โ€” ไธŽ is an independent ancient pictograph, while ้ 's ใƒจ comes from its own top component ไบˆ (see Section D).

C. Kun'yomi Verbs

VerbReadingMeaningExample Sentence
ไธŽใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹to give, provide่ณžใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹
ๅพ—ใˆใ‚‹ใˆใ‚‹to gain, obtainๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚Šใˆใใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹
้ ใ‚ใšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‘ใ‚‹to deposit, entrust้Š€่กŒใŽใ‚“ใ“ใ†ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‹ใญใ‚’้ ใ‘ใ‚‹
้ ใ‚ใšใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‹ใ‚‹to keep, hold in custody่ท็‰ฉใซใ‚‚ใคใ‚’้ ใ‹ใ‚‹
ๆฎ‹ใฎใ“ใ™ใฎใ“ใ™to leave behindใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™
ๆฎ‹ใฎใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใ“ใ‚‹to remainๅฃๅบงใ“ใ†ใ–ใซๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใŒๆฎ‹ใ‚‹
ๆ”ฏใ•ใ•ใˆใ‚‹ใ•ใ•ใˆใ‚‹to support, sustainๅฎถ่จˆใ‹ใ‘ใ„ใ‚’ๆ”ฏใˆใ‚‹

D. ๐Ÿ“Œ Homophone Deep Dive: ใƒจ โ€” ไธŽ vs ้ 

Both ไธŽ and ้  read ใƒจ in compounds, and both cluster around the idea of money changing hands โ€” which makes them easy to conflate. The distinguishing cue is direction: ไธŽ is about giving something away outward; ้  is about handing something over for safekeeping, expecting it back.

CompoundReadingMeaningDistinguishing cue
็ตฆไธŽใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆsalaryไธŽ = "give" โ€” money given to you as pay, doesn't come back
ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹to give (kun'yomi)ไธŽ alone, standalone verb register
ไพ›ไธŽใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ˆprovision, grantไธŽ = giving/granting, one-directional
้ ้‡‘ใ‚ˆใใ‚“deposit้  = "entrust" โ€” money handed to a bank, expected back
้ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‘ใ‚‹to deposit, entrust (kun'yomi)้  alone, standalone verb register
้ ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ใšใ‹ใ‚‹to hold in custody้  from the receiving side โ€” you're minding someone else's money

Takeaway: if the money is leaving your hands permanently (a gift, a salary paid out, a grant), reach for ไธŽ. If the money is being held for safekeeping (a bank deposit, something entrusted to you), reach for ้ .

E. Watch Out! โš ๏ธ

ItemTrapCorrect
็ตฆไธŽ vs ไธŽใˆใ‚‹Confusing on'yomi and kun'yomi of ไธŽ็ตฆไธŽ = ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆ (on'yomi, in a compound); ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ = ใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹ (kun'yomi, standalone verb). Same kanji, different register.
ไธŽ vs ้  (both ใƒจ)Assuming a shared origin because of the shared readingCoincidence only โ€” see Section D. Don't infer a component relationship that isn't there.
ๅŽๆ”ฏ vs ๅŽๅ…ฅใƒปๆ”ฏๅ‡บConflating the combined term with the separate flowsๅŽๆ”ฏ (ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใ—) = the net balance of both; ๅŽๅ…ฅ and ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ are the individual income and expense flows.
ๆฎ‹้ซ˜ vs ๆฎ‹ๆฅญSame ๆฎ‹, unrelated domainsๆฎ‹้ซ˜ (ใ–ใ‚“ใ ใ‹) = balance, money remaining; ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ (ใ–ใ‚“ใŽใ‚‡ใ†) = overtime, time remaining to work. Don't let the shared kanji imply a shared meaning.
ๆ‰€ๅพ— vs ๅพ—ใ‚‹One is a noun, the other a verbๆ‰€ๅพ— (ใ—ใ‚‡ใจใ) = taxable income (noun); ๅพ—ใ‚‹ (ใˆใ‚‹) = to gain (verb). Related in sense, but not interchangeable grammatically.
่ฒป kun'yomiAssuming ่ฒป is always on'yomiAlmost always ใƒ’ in compounds (้ฃŸ่ฒป, ไบค้€š่ฒป), but the kun ใคใ„.ใ‚„ใ™ exists (่ฒปใ‚„ใ™, "to expend/spend") โ€” recognize it if you encounter it, even though it's absent from this unit's vocab list.

5. โœ๏ธ Writing Practice Prompts

  1. ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆฏŽๆœˆใพใ„ใคใใฎๅŽๅ…ฅใจๆ”ฏๅ‡บใซใคใ„ใฆๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไธ€็•ชใ„ใกใฐใ‚“ๅคงใใ„ๅ‡บ่ฒปใฏไฝ•ใชใซใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Use: ๅŽๅ…ฅ, ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ, ้ฃŸ่ฒป, ไบค้€š่ฒป, ๅ‡บ่ฒป)

  2. ็ตฆไธŽใŒๆŒฏใตใ‚Š่พผใ“ใพใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใพใšไฝ•ใชใซใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ๆฎ‹้ซ˜ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไฝ•ใชใซใ‹ๅทฅๅคซใใตใ†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Use: ็ตฆไธŽ, ๆฎ‹้ซ˜, ๆฎ‹ใ™, ๅพ—ใ‚‹)

  3. ้ ้‡‘ใซใฏใฉใ‚“ใช็จฎ้กžใ—ใ‚…ใ‚‹ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘ใจๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘ใฎ้•ใกใŒใ„ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ›ใคใ‚ใ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚(Use: ้ ้‡‘, ๆ™ฎ้€š้ ้‡‘, ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘, ้ ใ‘ใ‚‹)

  4. ใ€ŒใŠๅพ—ใช่ฒทใ‹ใ„็‰ฉใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใจใฏใฉใ‚“ใช่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใ ใจๆ€ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ๆๅพ—ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใ‚’ใ—ใŸ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‘ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚(Use: ใŠๅพ—, ๆๅพ—, ๅพ—ใ‚‹, ้‡‘้ก)


6. ๐Ÿงช Quick Self-Test

#WordYour Reading
1ๅŽๅ…ฅ
2ๆ”ฏๅ‡บ
3้ฃŸ่ฒป
4้‡‘้ก
5็ตฆไธŽ
6ไธŽใˆใ‚‹
7ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽ
8้ ้‡‘
9ๆฎ‹้ซ˜
10ๅฎšๆœŸ้ ้‡‘
11ๆๅพ—
12ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ
Answers
  1. ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใซใ‚…ใ†
  2. ใ—ใ—ใ‚…ใค
  3. ใ—ใ‚‡ใใฒ
  4. ใใ‚“ใŒใ
  5. ใใ‚…ใ†ใ‚ˆ
  6. ใ‚ใŸใˆใ‚‹
  7. ใ—ใ‚‡ใจใใœใ„
  8. ใ‚ˆใใ‚“
  9. ใ–ใ‚“ใ ใ‹
  10. ใฆใ„ใใ‚ˆใใ‚“
  11. ใใ‚“ใจใ
  12. ใ–ใ‚“ใŽใ‚‡ใ†

After authoring questions, run nu scripts/selftest-answers.nu finance/01 --write to auto-fill the Answers block.


๐Ÿ“š Notes

This unit's vocabulary is hand-curated directly from real MoneyForward CSV exports, the MF portfolio scrape, and nenkin (pension) statements the user actually works with โ€” no Denisowski raw file or errata mechanism applies here. A few additional common compounds per kanji were added beyond the source list for depth (e.g. ๅนดๅŽ, ๆœˆๅŽ, ๅทฎ้ก, ๆๅพ—, ๆฎ‹ๆฅญ) to bring each kanji's coverage in line with a typical KIC chapter.


References: Hand-curated finance vocabulary, sourced from real MoneyForward CSV exports, the MF portfolio scrape, nenkin (pension) statements, and config/spend.yaml โ€” see spend_analysis/japanese_finance_vocab.md.